Erectile Dysfunction
However, there's no problem with nitrates found in food - for example, leafy green vegetables (spinach, kale) and root vegetables (beets, carrots). You also need to be careful if you take alpha blockers such as tamsulosin (Flomax) and alfuzosin (Uroxatral), used to treat an enlarged prostate. "Make sure to take these medications at least four hours apart from an ED drug," says Dr.
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O'Leary. "Also, switching to another ED drug usually won't make a difference." The most common side effects of ED drugs are headaches, upset stomach, nasal congestion, muscle pain, and facial flushing. But most of these are relatively mild and disappear after a few hours. "ED drugs can make blood pressure temporarily drop, so don't use them if you take nitrates for angina (chest pain) or other heart problems," says Dr. O'Leary. O'Leary. It's also best not to take sildenafil or vardenafil soon after eating, as food can block their absorption. (Tadalafil and avanafil don't interact with food in this manner.) Matthew Solan, Former Executive Editor, Harvard Men's Health Watch Howard E. LeWine, MD, Chief Medical Editor, Harvard Health Publishing; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content.
| Treatment Option | Description | Effectiveness | Benefits | Limitations |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Vacuum Erection Devices | External pump creates vacuum to induce erection | Moderate | No drugs required, reversible | Discomfort, mechanical failure |
| Penile Implants | Surgical insertion of device | High | Permanent solution | Surgery risks, costs |
| Psychosexual Therapy | Counseling for psychological issues | Varies | Addresses underlying causes | Time-consuming, requires cooperation |
| Lifestyle Changes | Exercise, diet, quitting smoking | Moderate | Improves overall health | Requires consistency |
Please note the date of last review or update on all articles.
| Product | Dosage | Quantity + Bonus | Price | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Viagra Generic | 100mg | 60 + 4 Pills | 96.36€ 91.77€ | |
| Viagra Soft Tabs | 100mg | 90 + 6 Pills | 205.31€ 195.53€ | |
| Kamagra Gold | 100 mg | 120 + 6 Pills | 330.74€ 314.99€ | |
| Cialis Super Active | 20mg | 180 + 20 Pills | 521.59€ 496.75€ | |
| Viagra Generic | 50mg | 120 + 6 Pills | 129.64€ 123.47€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 5mg | 30 + 4 Pills | 53.56€ 51.01€ | |
| Viagra Oral Jelly | 100mg | 90 + 8 Sachets | 258.02€ 245.73€ | |
| Levitra Professional | 20mg | 30 Pills | 119.12€ 113.45€ | |
| Levitra Soft Tabs | 20mg | 90 + 6 Pills | 241.31€ 229.82€ | |
| Cialis Soft Tabs | 20mg | 30 + 4 Pills | 87.43€ 83.27€ | |
| Cialis Generic | 40mg | 180 + 10 Pills | 277.29€ 264.09€ |
No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician. Erectile dysfunction (ED) is a common issue, and it becomes more common with age. About 70% of men have some degree of ED by age 70.
| Supplement | Active Component | Typical Dosage | Effectiveness | Possible Side Effects | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yohimbe | Yohimbine | 5-10 mg daily | Moderate | Anxiety, increased heart rate | Consult doctor before use |
| Panax Ginseng | Ginsenosides | 200-400 mg/day | Varies | Insomnia, headache | May improve libido |
| L-Arginine | Amino acid | 3-6 g/day | Moderate | Gastrointestinal issues | Usually safe when used short-term |
| Horny Goat Weed | Icariin | 300-600 mg/day | Anecdotal | Dizziness, dry mouth | Use with caution |
Researchers are exploring new ways to treat ED, including stem cell therapy, shock wave and ultrasound therapy, and new pharmacologic medications. Common ED treatments include medications like Cialis and Viagra, injections, topical treatments, and vacuum devices.
Premature Ejaculation (PE)
Maintaining a healthy weight can also prevent diabetes and high blood pressure, which can cause ED. Physical activity increases blood flow through your body, including the penis, and can help keep you at a healthy weight. The Physical Activity Guidelines for Americans, 2nd edition, recommends at least 150 minutes, or 2 hours and 30 minutes, of moderate-intensity physical activity, such as brisk walking, each week.2 Taking care of your mental and emotional health can help prevent ED. If you feel stressed, try relaxation techniques and other activities that might soothe you. A simple way to relax is deep breathing, which you can do anywhere.
Figure 2.
You can help prevent ED by avoiding recreational and illicit drugs and limiting how much alcohol you drink. Some drugs can prevent arousal or other sensations that are important for getting and keeping an erection. Sometimes, illicit drugs and too much alcohol may mask other mental health, emotional, or physical factors that cause ED. This content is provided as a service of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK), part of the National Institutes of Health. NIDDK translates and disseminates research findings to increase knowledge and understanding about health and disease among patients, health professionals, and the public.
Causes of ED
Content produced by NIDDK is carefully reviewed by NIDDK scientists and other experts. Reviewed by Howard E. LeWine, MD, Chief Medical Editor, Harvard Health Publishing; Editorial Advisory Board Member, Harvard Health Publishing Since the 1990s, erectile dysfunction (ED) drugs have helped millions of men continue to enjoy an active sex life. "While not much has changed in how they work or the types of drugs available, there still are things men should consider when choosing which one to try," says Dr. Michael O'Leary, a urologist and former director of men's health at Harvard-affiliated Brigham and Women's Hospital's Department of Urology. If those options don’t work, penile implants offer long-term function and satisfaction.
- Regular check-ups help monitor underlying health issues causing ED.
- Conditions like diabetes and hypertension impact erectile function.
- Early diagnosis improves treatment outcomes.
- Medication adjustments may be necessary over time.
- Open communication with a healthcare provider is key.
- Proactive health management can prevent worsening of ED.
Most men have trouble getting or keeping an erection at some point in their lifetime. But if this problem happens often or lasts long enough to interfere with satisfying sex, it may be a sign of erectile dysfunction (ED). Between 30 and 50 million men in the U.S.
- Vacuum erection devices create a vacuum to draw blood into the penis.
- They use a constriction ring to maintain the erection.
- Non-drug treatment options are effective for some men.
- Proper use is important for safety and effectiveness.
- They are drug-free, non-invasive alternatives.
- Can be used with other ED treatments.
have ED. As many as 5% of men under the age of 20 have ED, and the rate increases with age. In fact, more than 70% of men have ED by the age of 70.
4 of the Best Erectile Dysfunction Medications
Your penis could look purple or bruised. Bruises are usually painless and will disappear in a few days. VEDs may weaken ejaculation but this doesn’t affect the pleasure of climax or orgasm. Most people with ED do not need surgery. If you have tried all other options and your ED does not improve, you and your health care professional may consider surgery to implant a device—called a prosthesis—to make the penis erect, either using a pump in the scrotum or a rod that you can control on your own repair arteries to increase blood flow to the penis, a procedure that works best for younger men Your health care professional will describe the benefits and possible side effects of surgery.
4. Penile injections
ED medicines that you take by mouth, through an injection, or as a suppository can have side effects, including erections that last longer than 4 hours, known as priapism vision or hearing loss after taking oral ED medicines Call your health care professional right away if you develop these problems. Lifestyle factors can often lead to ED or make its symptoms worse. Sometimes, changing a daily habit could help prevent or improve your ED. If you smoke cigarettes, one of the best things you can do for your ED and your overall health is to quit smoking. Smoking cigarettes is linked to heart and blood vessel disease, which can lead to ED.
Be physically active
Eating well helps to maintain erectile function. Consider working with a registered dietitian, if possible, to create an eating plan for your individual needs. You can find a registered dietitian online through the Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics or through your health care professional. A dietitian can create a custom meal plan for you. A healthy weight can improve testosterone levels and self-esteem, which may help prevent ED. The good news is that lifestyle changes and medical treatments can improve the symptoms of ED. Let’s take a look at the different treatment options and help you find which ones might be right for you. Researchers are spending time and resources to develop new treatments for erectile dysfunction. Several new treatments are being studied and may offer fewer side effects and better results than current treatments. Here are some of the promising therapies under investigation: Stem cell therapy: Stem cells are a special type of cell that can turn into any other type of cell and help repair tissues.
- Penile implants are a surgical option for severe ED cases.
- Types include inflatable and semi-rigid devices.
- Surgery has a high success rate but involves risks.
- Implants are usually considered after other treatments fail.
- They provide a permanent solution to ED.
- Requires consultation with a urologic surgeon.
Stem cells taken from umbilical cords or fat tissue show promise for improving ED when injected into the erectile tissue of the penis. Stem cell therapy: Stem cells are a special type of cell that can turn into any other type of cell and help repair tissues.
- Counseling may help if emotional or psychological factors cause ED.
- Psychotherapy can address performance anxiety.
- Relationship counseling improves communication.
- Stress, depression, and anxiety can affect erections.
- Mental health support can enhance treatment outcomes.
- Combining therapy with medication often yields better results.
Low-intensity shock wave therapy (LISW): Shockwave therapy isn’t yet FDA-approved for ED, but some healthcare professionals are using it. This treatment uses sound waves to help grow new blood vessels in your penis.
How effective are these drugs?
There are four main FDA-approved ED drugs: sildenafil (Viagra), tadalafil (Cialis), vardenafil, and avanafil (Stendra). All of these come as pills; vardenafil also is made in a dissolvable version you place under your tongue. Chewable ED drugs are available that contain the same active ingredients of sildenafil, tadalafil, and vardenafil. However, they are made to order in compounding pharmacies and may include other ingredients. Dr.
Quit smoking
O'Leary advises against using these custom-made products since they are not regulated or approved by the FDA. The four ED drugs - known medically as PDE5 inhibitors - work similarly to increase blood flow into the penis, which helps men reach and maintain an erection. They do this by inhibiting phosphodiesterase type 5 (PDE5), an enzyme in blood vessel walls that controls blood flow. When a man is aroused, his body releases molecules that relax the smooth muscles in the blood vessels, allowing more blood to flow in. ED drugs prevent PDE5 from breaking down these substances, thus keeping the blood flowing.
Table 6. Phosphodiesterase Type 5 Inhibitors for Erectile Dysfunction
ED drugs are effective in about 70% of men, according to Dr. O'Leary, but the results can vary. "A man with nerves or arteries damaged by prostate surgery, diabetes, or cardiovascular disease will not respond as strongly to ED drugs," he says. Also, while ED drugs can help men achieve and maintain an erection, they don't help with other sexual issues, such as low libido, premature ejaculation, or the inability to reach orgasm. The main differences between ED drugs are how quickly best sex pills for women they act and how long the effect lasts. New blood vessels help supply your penis with enough blood to get an erection.
What Tests Will a Urologist Do if I Have ED?
Avanafil takes about 15 to 30 minutes to work and lasts six to 12 hours. Sildenafil and vardenafil take effect in 30 minutes to an hour and last four to five hours. Tadalafil kicks in after 30 to 45 minutes and can last 24 to 36 hours. "Many doctors first prescribe sildenafil because it has been around the longest and has a high success rate," says Dr. O'Leary.
Getting Treatments for Erectile Dysfunction
Men who want a longer-lasting effect might opt for tadalafil. Tadalafil is also available as a low-dose daily drug, so you have a constant amount of the drug in your bloodstream, which helps with spontaneous sex. (This version is also used to treat benign prostatic hyperplasia, or an enlarged prostate.) The maximum dosages for ED drugs vary from 20 milligrams (mg) for tadalafil and vardenafil to 100 mg for sildenafil and 200 mg for avanafil. Your doctor usually begins with a low dose and increases it as needed. "Once you reach the maximum dose, and the drug still doesn't work, taking more won't help," says Dr. Low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS): LIPUS is similar to shock wave therapy. It uses sound waves applied to the penis over several sessions.
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